So I put together what I believe is appropriate for these age groups. Keeping in mind that all children are different...some may advance faster in one area but lag a little behind in another. There's no reason to stress if your child doesn't fit into a mold, as long as they are trying and progressing at a steady pace.
Age 2
Language Development:
- can use 2-3 word sentences
- recognizes the people in their life and can say their names (mom, dad, bro/sister, grandma/pa, etc) anyone they see weekly or more often.
- attempts to sing along for the alphabet song, but will probably stumble over the l,m,n,o,p, portion (blending it together)
- may be able to recognize some of the upper case letters.
- Can hold a fat pencil or crayon in a fist like hand position
scribbles in unrecognizable pics but it's fun (and builds up to better motor skills)
- can begin to count to 5, using finger or other manipulatives
- can begin correlating (putting similar objects together...like all the red cars).
- Might be able to recognize a circle, square and triangle.
- can recognize several animal pics (I'd say about 10)
- Can associate some animal sounds with pictures of the recognized animal (cow sayes moo, etc) - about 1/2 (so if they recognize 10 animals they can also remember the sounds of 5-6)
- Learning about personal hygiene (but still needs supervision) for potty training then washing their hands, even brushing their teeth. They can remember the steps and attemt to teach a stuffed animal those remembered steps.
- Can identify 1 or 2 articles of clothing (socks, shoes, shirt, etc) and begin to attempt to dress themselves.
- Begins to recognize characteristics of the sexes (generally associating all women with mom and men with dad so if dad has a gotee then all men will have facial hair, if mom has long hair then all people with long hair are girls, etc)
- When asked their age they can hold up the appropriate number of fingers.
- Begins to follow directions (put the toys in the toy box, those instructions with only 1 step)
- When asked they can say their first name (although at this age they will probably be shy of saying it to strangers).
- Begin to be able to play independently or with other children without having to have mom or dad (or other caregivers) within eye sight, for about 15 minutes.
- Understands the concept of sharing (even if they don't do it..LOL)
- Begins to understand some safety rules (don't cross the street without an adult, don't touch the hot stove, etc).
- Can focus on a task for about 10 minutes before changing topics.
Age 3
Language Development:
- can use 4-5 word sentences
- recognizes the people in their life and can say their names (mom, dad, bro/sister, grandma/pa, etc) anyone they see weekly or more often.
- can sing common songs independently and get them about 90% correct (like the itsy-bitsy spider, ABC's etc)
- can recognize most upper case letters (may confuse W/V, E/F, O,Q)
- Can look at a picture book and tell you a story to go with the pictures.
- Can guess what comes next in a story.
- Can retell they favorite stories with some success
- Begins to be able to express themselves verbally - if their upset or hurt they can tell you what happened and why they are upset.
- Repeats simple instructions, scentences or stories with some accuracy
- Can identify the letters of their first name, and attempt to trace or write them.
- Can trace different lines (zig-zagged, curvy, straight, etc) with some success
- Attempts to copy pictures, shapes, etc.
- scribbles, then can tell you what it was they drew.
- likes to work with different mediums (paint, crayons, markers, etc)
- can count to 10 with success and to 20 with some mistakes through the teens
- understands somce of the concepts of opposites.directionals (more.less, top/bottom, over/under, etc) with some success
- Can recognize about 1/2 of the primary colors
- Can recognize most of the primary shapes.
- Can match items by similarities (color, size, type, etc) --- can put away the laundry or groceries in the appropriate places.
- recognizes common farm and zoo animals as well as pets
- can identify animal sounds for those common animals
- can identify animal homes for about 1/2 of the animals they know (bears live in a cave, etc)
- Recognizes parts of the body
- Can perform their own personal hygeine (brushing teeth, going potty) with only needing minimal help.
- Atempts to dress themselves with some success, attempting buttons, snaps, and zippers.
- Recognizes several attributes of the seasons
- Recognizes different types of weather and which clothes would be appropriate for different weather patterns
- Can understand there are a variety of people on the planet of different races and religions (but can't identify those differences, just acknowledges that they are in fact different).
- Knows their ages and their First & Last name
- Understands some of the different service jobs (policemen, firemen, mailmen, etc) and can give a very general description of that job.
- Can identify some different modes of transportation
- Can point to our country/state/continent on a map & globe
- Can recognize common street signs (stop, walk, etc)
- Can interact with other children comfortably.
- Can identify friends and family by first name
- Can share well with new children
- Understands safety and health rules (don't talk to strangers, look both ways before crossing the street)....
- Can take care of their own belongings - performing simple chores
- Can play or work independently for short periods of time.
- Can focus on a task for about 15-20 minutes
http://www.worldbook.com/typical-course-of-study or http://www.worldbook.com/component/k2/item/233-typical-course-of-study-preschool-curriculum-guide
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